Solutions & Chemistry calculators
Most bench work starts with making a solution. These calculators cover the arithmetic of preparing one: weighing a solute for a molar, molal, normal or percent concentration, converting between concentration units, diluting or mixing stocks, running a serial dilution, scaling a recipe or a master mix, finding a molecular weight, and setting a buffer to a target pH.
Each page shows the formula it uses, a worked example you can check by hand, the assumptions behind the result and the references that support the method. Inputs accept the units you work in and are converted before the calculation.
Molarity CalculatorMass, concentration or volume for a molar solutionOpen calculatorDilution Calculator (C1V1 = C2V2)Stock and diluent volumes for any dilutionOpen calculatorSerial Dilution CalculatorTransfer volumes and the concentration in every tubeOpen calculatorMolecular Weight CalculatorMolar mass and composition from a chemical formulaOpen calculatorPercent Solution Calculator% w/v, % v/v and % w/w solutionsOpen calculatorBuffer Calculator (Henderson-Hasselbalch)Acid and base amounts for a buffer at a target pHOpen calculatorDilution Factor and Ratio CalculatorFold dilution, 1 : N notation and the volumes behind itOpen calculatorMolality CalculatorMoles of solute per kilogram of solventOpen calculatorNormality CalculatorEquivalents per litre for acids, bases and redox reagentsOpen calculatorppm and ppb CalculatorParts per million and per billion, by mass or in dilute solutionOpen calculatorConcentration Unit ConverterMolar, mass per volume, mg/dL and % w/vOpen calculatorReagent and Buffer Recipe CalculatorWeigh-out masses and stock volumes for a whole recipeOpen calculatorMaster Mix CalculatorScale any reaction recipe to a batch, with overageOpen calculatorMixing Solutions CalculatorConcentration of a mixture, or volumes to hit a targetOpen calculator
Related equipment
Service documentation, failure modes and parts for the instruments these calculations are used with.